Hematologic, Immunologic, and Neoplastic Disorders Practice Test

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• RBC levels decline to approximately what range by 2-3 months of age?
• Which of the following is a precipitating factor for a sickle cell crisis?
• In immune thrombocytopenia, platelets are typically less than which value?
• Which statement describes the typical presentation and immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)?
• Where is hematopoiesis occurring at birth?
• Ewing sarcoma most commonly involves which bone?
• Which diagnostic procedure is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid in leukemia evaluation?
• Which tests assess the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation, respectively?
• What are the two major categories of lymphoma and a hallmark difference between them?
• Hyperviscosity symptoms in this disorder can include which of the following? (Choose the best specific symptom listed)
• What is the classic triad of acute graft-versus-host disease manifestations?
• MGUS vs smoldering myeloma: which statement is correct?
• In severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), what is the major immunologic defect and the standard treatment approach?
• In a splenic sequestration crisis, what happens to the blood?
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia hallmark and its clinical consequence is best described as which of the following?
• Which statement accurately describes the inheritance of hemophilia A and B?
• In the leukemia diagnostic process, which action is appropriate to include?
• Which practice supports activity tolerance in a child with sickle cell disease?
• Which symptom would you most likely report in a child with a suspected cancer diagnosis?
• Which agent is an alternative to allopurinol for uric acid control in tumor lysis syndrome?
• CAR-T cell therapy typically targets which B-cell antigen?
• Which statement describes iron deficiency anemia treatment?
• Which statement correctly identifies the interpretation of an ANC of 480 cells/µL?
• Which statement best defines anemia?
• Which of the following lists common bleeding manifestations in ITP?
• Which chromosomal translocation is characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?
• What is the normal hemoglobin range?
• Reticulocyte production index interpretation in anemia states which of the following is correct?
• Name two major beta/thalassemia types and typical geographic prevalence.
• A 4-year-old with a swollen abdomen and good appetite is most likely to have which diagnosis?
• What happens to the red blood cell count after the newborn begins breathing air?
• DIC is defined as what, and name two common triggers?
• What is the normal range for red blood cell count in a healthy child?
• Which nursing action is appropriate for a child with thrombocytopenia?
• What defines the Ann Arbor staging A vs B in lymphoma?
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is best described as what?
• Which statement about the role of PET-CT in lymphoma response assessment is true?
• Which laboratory pattern indicates hemolysis with intravascular involvement (low haptoglobin, high LDH, high indirect bilirubin, reticulocytosis)?
• Jenai was bitten by a tick and now has petechiae, blood in the stool, and spontaneous nosebleeds; labs show a decreased platelet count. Which disorder is most likely?
• What is an appropriate approach when preparing a child for a bone marrow aspiration?
• Doug, 12, experiences frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, and blood in the urine; his parents discourage him from contact sports due to his condition. Which disorder best explains his symptoms?
• What is the Lugano classification used for?
• Which assessment should be avoided if Wilms tumor is suspected?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical presenting finding in hemophilia?
• Which tumor markers are associated with pancreatic and ovarian cancers?
• A 12-month-old presents with poor muscle tone, irritability, concave nailbeds, and edema. Which disorder is most consistent with these findings?
• Normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) range?
• Which renal manifestations are typical of sickle cell disease?
• Which description best captures bone involvement in sickle cell disease?
• In suspected vitamin B12 deficiency, which additional lab finding supports the diagnosis besides low serum B12?
• Ewing sarcoma can occur in any bone; usually the femur; what are typical presenting features?
• In early life, when is the WBC count highest?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which finding is common in iron deficiency anemia?
• What is the first-line therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
• In Lugano staging, which imaging modality is used for response assessment?
• In thrombocytopenia, what is the typical prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold?
• Which statement best describes the role of hydration in preventing crises in sickle cell disease?
• Vaccination considerations for immunocompromised patients and household contacts are best described as:
• For splenic sequestration crisis in sickle cell disease, which treatment is listed?
• In infants, cow's milk should be limited until at least what age?
• How does the Lugano staging system differ from Ann Arbor for lymphomas?
• Which laboratory test most directly assesses the extrinsic coagulation pathway?
• In anemia, which test result would typically be decreased?
• Which statement best differentiates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
• Which statement about hemophilia care is true?
• Platelet transfusion refractoriness is most commonly due to what?
• Which targeted therapy is used to treat CML by inhibiting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase?
• Imatinib: mechanism and primary indication.
• In managing a child with sickle cell disease, which therapy would you include?
• Common adverse effects of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents.
• A 60-year-old presents with fatigue and macrocytic anemia with hypersegmented neutrophils. What is the most likely deficiency and the initial confirmatory test?
• Tonya is a 16-year-old African American girl with pain in both hands, chest pain, fever, and moderate respiratory distress; she is receiving IV hydration and hydroxyurea. Which disorder does she most likely have?
• A patient with bone pain, anemia, and renal impairment has an M-protein spike on SPEP. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• What is the best initial nursing action when a child with Hemophilia A presents with a concussion?
• Spleen involvement in sickle cell disease is characterized by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk. Which option reflects this description?
• Which item is commonly addressed in post-operative education for osteosarcoma?
• What cells are pathognomonic on biopsy for Hodgkin lymphoma?
• Which statement correctly describes initial management of tumor lysis syndrome?
• Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a chronic disease causing anemia?
• Normal fibrinogen range?
• Beta-thalassemia is most commonly found in which regions?
• Why is vitamin K administered at birth?
• The nurse calculates the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) using Band percent plus Seg percent times total WBC. If the CBC shows WBC 1.5 x 10^3/µL with bands 3% and seg 29%, what is the ANC and classification?
• Which is a common symptom of anemia in children?
• During chemotherapy administration for leukemia, which action is appropriate?
• Vitamin K is required for synthesis of which clotting factors?
• What is von Willebrand disease and how is it diagnosed?
• Which laboratory finding is most associated with acute intravascular transfusion reaction?
• Which biomarkers are used in staging myeloma with the ISS system?
• M-spike on serum protein electrophoresis indicates which type of disease?
• Adult hematologic levels for RBCs are reached during which period?
• Explain the mechanism and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
• Which statement about clotting factor levels in infancy is true?
• How do ferritin and transferrin saturation help distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia?
• An older child with immunodeficiency and oral candidiasis is most concerning for which diagnosis?
• Graft-versus-host disease: what is it and which transplant setting carries the highest risk?
• ABO transfusion incompatibility: typical reaction timing and presentation?
• Which intervention is commonly used in the care of a child with sickle cell disease?
• Which immunophenotype is characteristic of CLL?
• Prolonged anemia in pediatric patients may present with which combination?
• Hyperviscosity syndrome in Waldenström macroglobulinemia is most commonly due to which immunoglobulin?
• Which feature distinguishes Hodgkin lymphoma from most non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
• Which statement about absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is true?
• Which infection-control practice is appropriate for a leukemia patient to reduce infection risk?
• Which factors place this patient at increased risk for injury?
• Which finding supports increased intracranial pressure in an adolescent with head injury?
• Immune thrombocytopenia commonly presents after which event?
• By about how long do WBC counts stabilize after birth?
• In sickle cell disease, which organ and finding is described by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk?
• A 30-year-old presents with pallor, fatigue, pancytopenia, and a hypocellular bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• For administering liquid oral iron to a child, which method is recommended to avoid staining the teeth?
• In chronic myeloid leukemia, which translocation is characteristic and what drug targets it?
• For PRBC transfusion, which action is appropriate when starting the transfusion?
• Which statement about tumor lysis syndrome pathophysiology is NOT true?
• Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of thrombocytopenia in a child?
• Which statement about platelet levels in newborns is true?
• Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction vs acute hemolytic transfusion reaction: distinguishing features.
• What is the hallmark serum protein electrophoresis finding in multiple myeloma?
• Which condition is most commonly evaluated by ferritin levels as an indicator?
• Which of the following is a CRAB feature of multiple myeloma?
• The therapeutic management of children with sickle cell disease primarily consists of which of the following?
• A common skin complication seen in sickle cell disease is which of the following?
• Rituximab: target and a major infection risk.
• Features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia: which immunoglobulins are reduced and typical age of presentation?
• In caring for a child with hemophilia, which history finding would you expect?
• Which of the following is a non-CRAB feature in plasma cell disorders?
• Which of the following is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia in infants?
• Differentiate PT/INR and aPTT in terms of pathways assessed and clinical uses?
• Priapism in sickle cell disease is an emergency because it can cause tissue damage due to microcirculatory obstruction. Which statement is true?
• HIV infection progression and impact of antiretroviral therapy.
• Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy are characteristic of which lymphoma?
• Which sport should be encouraged for safe participation after stabilization of a patient with Hemophilia A?
• What is the normal platelet count range?
• Which statement is true regarding iron deficiency anemia management in infants?
• What is a recognized strategy to reduce painful crises in sickle cell disease?
• A patient has microcytic anemia with low ferritin and high TIBC. What is the most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment?
• Which triad best describes extremity symptoms in sickle cell disease?
• Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease is typically triggered by which factor?
• Five-year-old Roxy presents with failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, and diarrhea. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
• In sickle cell disease, cerebrovascular accidents involve which organ primarily?
• Which coagulation test is typically prolonged in hemophilia?
• In sickle cell disease, hydroxyurea is used to reduce the frequency of which complication?
• Normal thrombin time (TT) range?
• Which laboratory finding will be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?
• Koilonychia (concave nailbeds) is a classic sign of which condition in children?
• Sickle cell disease pathophysiology: what mutation and what is the most common acute hospitalization cause in adults?
• What is the mechanism by which allopurinol helps prevent uric acid buildup in tumor lysis syndrome?
• Acute chest syndrome is a serious complication most commonly seen in which disorder?
• Which condition is characterized by pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow?
• Iron studies pattern in iron deficiency anemia shows which combination?
• During a vaso-occlusive crisis in a child with sickle cell disease, which intervention most improves tissue perfusion?
• Which finding is most characteristic of aplastic anemia?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which care practice would you anticipate when planning the shift for a child with leukemia?
• During a well-child exam, a 3-year-old girl with known hearing loss and developmental delays lives in an old house with copper pipes and chipped paint. She reports abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and headaches. What condition is suspected?
• In addition to bone pain, which symptom is commonly reported with Ewing sarcoma?
• During a PRBC transfusion, which monitoring step is recommended in the first minutes of the infusion?
• In sickle cell disease, which ocular complication is commonly observed?
• Which finding may be present in Wilms tumor?
• Flow cytometry in leukemia/lymphoma classification primarily provides immunophenotyping to identify which of the following?
• Which leukemia is most common in children?
• Normal prothrombin time (PT) range?
• Vaccines in immunocompromised patients: which vaccines are contraindicated?
• Which drug is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in CML?
• What is a core component of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment?
• In SCID, which lymphocyte development is defective?
• Auer rods are associated with which leukemia and what do they indicate?
• CAR-T cell therapy: concept and approved indications.
• In a 10-year-old with Hemophilia A who has not received factor for a year and experiences head trauma, which complication is most likely?
• Which presentation is typical for Hodgkin lymphoma in a adolescent?
• Alpha-thalassemia is most commonly found in which geographic regions?
• What is the priority nursing care for this patient with Hemophilia A presenting with head trauma?
• During neutropenic precautions, what is the best response to a visitor bringing garden flowers?
• In managing sickle cell disease, which measure is central to reducing crises?
• Which presentation signs are typical in leukemia?
• WBC counts decline after how many hours post-birth?
• During rounds, a pediatric patient awaiting a bone marrow biopsy has a low reticulocyte count and thrombocytopenia. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these findings?
• Iron studies in anemia of chronic disease show which pattern?