Hematologic, Immunologic, and Neoplastic Disorders Practice Test

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• A 60-year-old presents with fatigue and macrocytic anemia with hypersegmented neutrophils. What is the most likely deficiency and the initial confirmatory test?
• In caring for a child with hemophilia, which history finding would you expect?
• What is the classic triad of acute graft-versus-host disease manifestations?
• Which statement about the role of PET-CT in lymphoma response assessment is true?
• Which statement about hemophilia care is true?
• Spleen involvement in sickle cell disease is characterized by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk. Which option reflects this description?
• By about how long do WBC counts stabilize after birth?
• How do ferritin and transferrin saturation help distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia?
• What is the Lugano classification used for?
• What are the two major categories of lymphoma and a hallmark difference between them?
• Immune thrombocytopenia commonly presents after which event?
• In anemia, which test result would typically be decreased?
• What is the normal range for red blood cell count in a healthy child?
• Auer rods are associated with which leukemia and what do they indicate?
• Which statement describes the typical presentation and immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)?
• During neutropenic precautions, what is the best response to a visitor bringing garden flowers?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which statement about tumor lysis syndrome pathophysiology is NOT true?
• Which tests assess the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation, respectively?
• In immune thrombocytopenia, platelets are typically less than which value?
• Which factors place this patient at increased risk for injury?
• Which symptom would you most likely report in a child with a suspected cancer diagnosis?
• In suspected vitamin B12 deficiency, which additional lab finding supports the diagnosis besides low serum B12?
• In SCID, which lymphocyte development is defective?
• DIC is defined as what, and name two common triggers?
• M-spike on serum protein electrophoresis indicates which type of disease?
• Acute chest syndrome is a serious complication most commonly seen in which disorder?
• Ewing sarcoma can occur in any bone; usually the femur; what are typical presenting features?
• In early life, when is the WBC count highest?
• What is the normal hemoglobin range?
• Iron studies pattern in iron deficiency anemia shows which combination?
• For PRBC transfusion, which action is appropriate when starting the transfusion?
• Which statement is true regarding iron deficiency anemia management in infants?
• Which presentation is typical for Hodgkin lymphoma in a adolescent?
• Rituximab: target and a major infection risk.
• Iron studies in anemia of chronic disease show which pattern?
• Flow cytometry in leukemia/lymphoma classification primarily provides immunophenotyping to identify which of the following?
• Which of the following is a CRAB feature of multiple myeloma?
• Which nursing action is appropriate for a child with thrombocytopenia?
• Vaccination considerations for immunocompromised patients and household contacts are best described as:
• RBC levels decline to approximately what range by 2-3 months of age?
• A 4-year-old with a swollen abdomen and good appetite is most likely to have which diagnosis?
• Explain the mechanism and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
• Hyperviscosity syndrome in Waldenström macroglobulinemia is most commonly due to which immunoglobulin?
• What cells are pathognomonic on biopsy for Hodgkin lymphoma?
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia hallmark and its clinical consequence is best described as which of the following?
• Which condition is characterized by pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow?
• Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a chronic disease causing anemia?
• Normal fibrinogen range?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which leukemia is most common in children?
• Which intervention is commonly used in the care of a child with sickle cell disease?
• The nurse calculates the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) using Band percent plus Seg percent times total WBC. If the CBC shows WBC 1.5 x 10^3/µL with bands 3% and seg 29%, what is the ANC and classification?
• What is von Willebrand disease and how is it diagnosed?
• Which diagnostic procedure is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid in leukemia evaluation?
• In addition to bone pain, which symptom is commonly reported with Ewing sarcoma?
• Common adverse effects of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents.
• In managing a child with sickle cell disease, which therapy would you include?
• Which is a common symptom of anemia in children?
• Why is vitamin K administered at birth?
• Which assessment should be avoided if Wilms tumor is suspected?
• Which finding may be present in Wilms tumor?
• For administering liquid oral iron to a child, which method is recommended to avoid staining the teeth?
• Normal thrombin time (TT) range?
• Graft-versus-host disease: what is it and which transplant setting carries the highest risk?
• HIV infection progression and impact of antiretroviral therapy.
• Normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) range?
• What is the best initial nursing action when a child with Hemophilia A presents with a concussion?
• Which renal manifestations are typical of sickle cell disease?
• During a vaso-occlusive crisis in a child with sickle cell disease, which intervention most improves tissue perfusion?
• Which biomarkers are used in staging myeloma with the ISS system?
• Which finding is common in iron deficiency anemia?
• Which statement best describes the role of hydration in preventing crises in sickle cell disease?
• Which statement about platelet levels in newborns is true?
• Reticulocyte production index interpretation in anemia states which of the following is correct?
• Tonya is a 16-year-old African American girl with pain in both hands, chest pain, fever, and moderate respiratory distress; she is receiving IV hydration and hydroxyurea. Which disorder does she most likely have?
• Imatinib: mechanism and primary indication.
• In Lugano staging, which imaging modality is used for response assessment?
• Beta-thalassemia is most commonly found in which regions?
• Koilonychia (concave nailbeds) is a classic sign of which condition in children?
• Which finding is most characteristic of aplastic anemia?
• Which laboratory finding is most associated with acute intravascular transfusion reaction?
• Normal prothrombin time (PT) range?
• Vaccines in immunocompromised patients: which vaccines are contraindicated?
• Which condition is most commonly evaluated by ferritin levels as an indicator?
• What is the first-line therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
• What is an appropriate approach when preparing a child for a bone marrow aspiration?
• What is the priority nursing care for this patient with Hemophilia A presenting with head trauma?
• Which laboratory test most directly assesses the extrinsic coagulation pathway?
• During chemotherapy administration for leukemia, which action is appropriate?
• Which triad best describes extremity symptoms in sickle cell disease?
• Which statement correctly identifies the interpretation of an ANC of 480 cells/µL?
• What happens to the red blood cell count after the newborn begins breathing air?
• Which of the following is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia in infants?
• Where is hematopoiesis occurring at birth?
• Which statement accurately describes the inheritance of hemophilia A and B?
• Which coagulation test is typically prolonged in hemophilia?
• In the leukemia diagnostic process, which action is appropriate to include?
• Which tumor markers are associated with pancreatic and ovarian cancers?
• What is a recognized strategy to reduce painful crises in sickle cell disease?
• Which of the following is a non-CRAB feature in plasma cell disorders?
• CAR-T cell therapy: concept and approved indications.
• In a 10-year-old with Hemophilia A who has not received factor for a year and experiences head trauma, which complication is most likely?
• ABO transfusion incompatibility: typical reaction timing and presentation?
• Ewing sarcoma most commonly involves which bone?
• Which laboratory finding will be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?
• Which laboratory pattern indicates hemolysis with intravascular involvement (low haptoglobin, high LDH, high indirect bilirubin, reticulocytosis)?
• Which statement best differentiates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
• Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of thrombocytopenia in a child?
• Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease is typically triggered by which factor?
• Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction vs acute hemolytic transfusion reaction: distinguishing features.
• How does the Lugano staging system differ from Ann Arbor for lymphomas?
• MGUS vs smoldering myeloma: which statement is correct?
• Which practice supports activity tolerance in a child with sickle cell disease?
• Which infection-control practice is appropriate for a leukemia patient to reduce infection risk?
• The therapeutic management of children with sickle cell disease primarily consists of which of the following?
• Which targeted therapy is used to treat CML by inhibiting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase?
• Which statement about absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is true?
• Which care practice would you anticipate when planning the shift for a child with leukemia?
• A patient has microcytic anemia with low ferritin and high TIBC. What is the most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment?
• In sickle cell disease, which organ and finding is described by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk?
• Which description best captures bone involvement in sickle cell disease?
• For splenic sequestration crisis in sickle cell disease, which treatment is listed?
• A 30-year-old presents with pallor, fatigue, pancytopenia, and a hypocellular bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• Which presentation signs are typical in leukemia?
• WBC counts decline after how many hours post-birth?
• In managing sickle cell disease, which measure is central to reducing crises?
• What is the hallmark serum protein electrophoresis finding in multiple myeloma?
• A 12-month-old presents with poor muscle tone, irritability, concave nailbeds, and edema. Which disorder is most consistent with these findings?
• In severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), what is the major immunologic defect and the standard treatment approach?
• Which of the following is a precipitating factor for a sickle cell crisis?
• Sickle cell disease pathophysiology: what mutation and what is the most common acute hospitalization cause in adults?
• Jenai was bitten by a tick and now has petechiae, blood in the stool, and spontaneous nosebleeds; labs show a decreased platelet count. Which disorder is most likely?
• Five-year-old Roxy presents with failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, and diarrhea. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
• In sickle cell disease, which ocular complication is commonly observed?
• Priapism in sickle cell disease is an emergency because it can cause tissue damage due to microcirculatory obstruction. Which statement is true?
• Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy are characteristic of which lymphoma?
• Which statement describes iron deficiency anemia treatment?
• An older child with immunodeficiency and oral candidiasis is most concerning for which diagnosis?
• Which sport should be encouraged for safe participation after stabilization of a patient with Hemophilia A?
• Features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia: which immunoglobulins are reduced and typical age of presentation?
• Which finding supports increased intracranial pressure in an adolescent with head injury?
• Prolonged anemia in pediatric patients may present with which combination?
• Which feature distinguishes Hodgkin lymphoma from most non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
• Which statement about clotting factor levels in infancy is true?
• CAR-T cell therapy typically targets which B-cell antigen?
• Alpha-thalassemia is most commonly found in which geographic regions?
• A common skin complication seen in sickle cell disease is which of the following?
• Doug, 12, experiences frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, and blood in the urine; his parents discourage him from contact sports due to his condition. Which disorder best explains his symptoms?
• Which statement best defines anemia?
• Platelet transfusion refractoriness is most commonly due to what?
• In sickle cell disease, cerebrovascular accidents involve which organ primarily?
• Which chromosomal translocation is characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?
• Differentiate PT/INR and aPTT in terms of pathways assessed and clinical uses?
• What defines the Ann Arbor staging A vs B in lymphoma?
• In thrombocytopenia, what is the typical prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold?
• In chronic myeloid leukemia, which translocation is characteristic and what drug targets it?
• Which of the following lists common bleeding manifestations in ITP?
• In infants, cow's milk should be limited until at least what age?
• What is the normal platelet count range?
• Which item is commonly addressed in post-operative education for osteosarcoma?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical presenting finding in hemophilia?
• During rounds, a pediatric patient awaiting a bone marrow biopsy has a low reticulocyte count and thrombocytopenia. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these findings?
• In a splenic sequestration crisis, what happens to the blood?
• Name two major beta/thalassemia types and typical geographic prevalence.
• During a well-child exam, a 3-year-old girl with known hearing loss and developmental delays lives in an old house with copper pipes and chipped paint. She reports abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and headaches. What condition is suspected?
• Vitamin K is required for synthesis of which clotting factors?
• What is a core component of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment?
• During a PRBC transfusion, which monitoring step is recommended in the first minutes of the infusion?
• A patient with bone pain, anemia, and renal impairment has an M-protein spike on SPEP. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• Which statement correctly describes initial management of tumor lysis syndrome?
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is best described as what?
• Hyperviscosity symptoms in this disorder can include which of the following? (Choose the best specific symptom listed)
• Which agent is an alternative to allopurinol for uric acid control in tumor lysis syndrome?
• Adult hematologic levels for RBCs are reached during which period?
• Which drug is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in CML?
• Which immunophenotype is characteristic of CLL?